Decline in the Proportion of Women in Urban Salaried Jobs

Data obtained from the Quarterly Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) indicates a decline in the proportion of women engaged in regular salaried positions in urban India. The share has decreased from 54 per cent in the first quarter to 52.8 per cent in the second quarter of the current financial year. This is the lowest point in any quarter in the past six years.

The survey, which uses the ‘current weekly status’ (CWS) measure of employment, categorises people based on the kind of work they were engaged in during a particular one-week period. This includes whether they were self-employed, working on a regular wage or salary, or involved in casual labour.

The survey revealed that the percentage of self-employed women rose from 39.2% in Q1 of FY24 to 40.3% in Q2 of FY24. Additionally, the share of casual workers saw a slight increase from 6.8% in Q1 of FY24 to 6.9% in Q2 of FY24.

Despite more women in urban areas either having jobs or actively seeking employment, leading to the labour force participation rate (LFPR) reaching a six-year high of 24% in the September quarter of the current financial year, this rate is still comparatively lower than that of women in rural areas.

As per the most recent annual report of the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) for 2022–23, the participation of women in the labour force in rural areas was 30.5%, while in urban areas, it was 20.2%.

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